Which countries obtained oil from Iraq before March 19, 2003?

"An estimated 30%-40% of Iraqi oil is sold initially to Russian firms (i.e., Emerkrom, Kalymneftegas, Machinoimport, Rosnefteimpex, Sidanco, Slavneft, Soyuzneftgaz, Tatneft, and Zarubzhneft). The remaining 60%-70% of Iraq's oil is first purchased by companies from many countries, including Cyprus, Sudan, Pakistan, China, Vietnam, Egypt, Italy, Ukraine, and others.

Iraqi oil is normally then resold to a variety of oil comapnies and middlemen before being purchased by end users. During 2001, for instance, nearly 80% of Basra Light liftings, and over 30% of Kirkuk oil, went to the United States, with large importers including ExxonMobil, Chevron, Citgo, BP, Marathon, Coastal, Valero, Koch, and Premcor. During the first eleven months of 2002, the United States imported an average of 449,000 bbl/d in November), while 430,000 bbl/d went to Europe and 140,000 bbl/d to Asia. To some extent, increased Iraqi oil exports to the Americans have helped fill the loss created by a major oil strike and general unrest in Venezuela beginning in December 2002.

In December 2001, the Turkish Petroleum International Corporation won a U.N.-approved contract to drill for oil in northern Iraq, specifically at the Khurmala field near Kirkuk. Two Russian companies -- Tatneft and Zarubezhneft -- have won U.N.-approved upstream contracts at the Bai Hassan, Kirkuk, and Saddam fields. According to Petroleum Intelligence Weekly, Tatneft has U.N.-approved contracts to drill 33 new wells in Iraq. In early December 1999, Russian energy company Zarubezhneft said that it was drilling multiple wells at Kirkuk, and that this did not violate U.N. sanctions (Russian officials have denied that any work was being done). Zarubezhneft hopes to boost Kirkuk production capacity from its current 900,000 bbl/d to around 1.1 million bbl/d."